What does post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) consist of in the context of rabies?

Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) for rabies consists of both the rabies vaccine and rabies immune globulin. This dual approach is critical because it provides immediate and long-lasting protection against the virus after a potential exposure has occurred, such as a bite from a potentially rabid animal.

The rabies vaccine works by stimulating the immune system to produce antibodies against the rabies virus. This needs to be administered over a series of doses after exposure to ensure the body has enough time to mount an effective immune response. On the other hand, rabies immune globulin provides immediate passive immunity by supplying the body with ready-made antibodies that help to neutralize the virus quickly, especially important before the immune system can build up its defenses through vaccination.

Together, these components effectively minimize the risk of developing rabies, which is almost always fatal once symptoms appear. The other options provided do not adequately address the specific requirements for rabies PEP, making the correct option the most comprehensive and effective approach to prevent the disease after exposure.