Which of the following diseases has been successfully eradicated worldwide through vaccination efforts?

Smallpox is the disease that has been successfully eradicated worldwide through vaccination efforts. The World Health Organization (WHO) initiated an intensive global vaccination campaign that culminated in the complete eradication of smallpox in 1980. This achievement was significant because it marked the first time a disease affecting humans was completely eradicated through a public health intervention.

The smallpox vaccine was developed using the related vaccinia virus, and the strategy involved widespread vaccination efforts, even in remote areas, leading to the disease's total elimination. The success of the smallpox eradication campaign serves as a powerful example of what can be achieved through coordinated global health initiatives and effective vaccination strategies.

In contrast, measles, polio, and mumps continue to pose health challenges worldwide, with measles outbreaks and polio cases still occurring in various regions, highlighting that although vaccinations exist for these diseases, they have not yet been eradicated.